FAA Ground School Practice Test

As pilot-in-command, under what situation can you deviate from an ATC clearance?

1. For a personal reason

2. In response to a traffic alert and collision avoidance system resolution advisory

3. During a non-emergency situation

4. When aircraft speed exceeds limits

The correct answer is: In response to a traffic alert and collision avoidance system resolution advisory

The situation in which a pilot-in-command can deviate from an ATC clearance involves responding to a traffic alert and collision avoidance system (TCAS) resolution advisory. This is a critical safety procedure. When a TCAS alert is issued, it is designed to prevent mid-air collisions by providing immediate guidance to pilots on how to alter their flight path. Following the TCAS advisory takes precedence because the primary responsibility of the pilot is to ensure the safety of the aircraft and its occupants. ATC clearances are important for maintaining order in the airspace, but safety must always be the first priority. Therefore, in a situation where a traffic conflict is detected, following the TCAS guidance is essential for avoiding a potential collision. In contrast, deviating from an ATC clearance for personal reasons is not justified, nor is it acceptable to do so during a non-emergency situation. Additionally, simply exceeding aircraft speed limits does not authorize deviation from an ATC clearance without a valid safety concern, thus underscoring the direct relationship between safety alerts and the necessity for deviation in such scenarios.