FAA Ground School Practice Test

To minimize side loads on the landing gear during touchdown, the pilot should keep which alignment?

1. Longitudinal axis of the aircraft parallel to its motion

2. Landing gear aligned with the runway

3. Wing tips in alignment with the horizon

4. Tail of the aircraft positioned downward

The correct answer is: Longitudinal axis of the aircraft parallel to its motion

Maintaining the longitudinal axis of the aircraft parallel to its motion is crucial for minimizing side loads on the landing gear during touchdown. When the aircraft's longitudinal axis aligns with the flight path, it allows for an even distribution of forces across the landing gear, which reduces the chance of lateral forces acting on the gear. This is particularly important in ensuring that the aircraft lands smoothly without introducing unnecessary stress that could lead to structural issues or damage to the landing gear components. Additionally, this alignment helps prevent the aircraft from skidding or dragging during the landing roll, which can occur if it is misaligned. Proper alignment with the motion also enhances the pilot's control over the aircraft's descent, ensuring a more stable and controlled touchdown. In contrast, if the landing gear were misaligned with the runway or if the wings were not level, it could result in uneven loads and a possible sideways motion upon landing, which can increase the risk of gear damage or loss of control.