FAA Ground School Practice Test

Which device is essential for aircraft location during emergencies?

1. Emergency locator transmitter (ELT)

2. Transponder

3. Global positioning system (GPS)

4. Altitude encoder

The correct answer is: Emergency locator transmitter (ELT)

An emergency locator transmitter (ELT) is a critical device for aircraft location during emergencies. When an aircraft is involved in an accident or experiences a severe emergency, the ELT automatically activates and transmits a distress signal on designated emergency frequencies. This signal can be picked up by search and rescue teams and other aircraft, significantly aiding in locating the downed aircraft. The ELT is designed to withstand extreme conditions and is typically mounted in a location that can survive an impact. It broadcasts a signal that includes information about the aircraft's location, which is vital for timely rescue operations. In many cases, once the distress signal is received, rescue teams can quickly respond, thereby increasing the chances of survival for any occupants. While other devices mentioned, such as transponders and GPS, play important roles in navigation and communication, they are not specifically designed for emergency locator functions. A transponder helps with air traffic control by transmitting the aircraft's information, and GPS aids in navigation by providing accurate positioning information, but they do not serve the primary emergency location purpose that an ELT does. An altitude encoder is used to transmit altitude information to air traffic control but does not contribute to the emergency location capability needed in critical situations.